volkswagen ea111

The spark-ignition petrol engines listed below were formerly used in various marques of automobiles and commercial vehicles of the German automotive business Volkswagen Group and also in Volkswagen Industrial Motor applications, but are now discontinued. All listed engines operate on the four-stroke cycle, and, unless stated otherwise, use a wet sump lubrication system and are water-cooled.
Since the Volkswagen Group is European, official internal combustion engine performance ratings are published using the International System of Units , a modern form of the metric system of figures. Motor vehicle engines will have been tested by a testing facility accredited by the Deutsches Institut für Normung , to either the original 80/1269/ EEC, or the later 1999/99/EC standards. The standard unit of measure for expressing the rated motive power output is the kilowatt ; and in their official literature, the power rating may be published in either kilowatts or metric horsepower , or both, and may also include conversions to imperial units such as the horsepower or brake horsepower. , ≈ 0. 98632 hp ). In case of conflict, the metric power figure of kilowatts will be stated as the primary figure of reference. For the turning force generated by the engine, the newton metre will be the reference figure of torque. Furthermore, in accordance with European automotive traditions, engines shall be listed in the following ascending order of preference:....